Izikhwama zamathaninjengohlobo olusha lwemikhiqizo yokupakisha, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukulayisha usimende, ukhonkolo, isihlabathi nezinye izinto ezinzima ezinesisindo esithile, izikhwama zamathani zinezinhlobo eziningi, kusukela ezintweni ezibonakalayo zihlukaniswe zibe i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, i-polyvinyl chloride, njll. umumo ihlukaniswe ezintathu-ntathu kanye indiza.
Isikhwama se-Ton sisetshenziswa kakhulu kwezolimo, imboni yamakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha kanye neminye imikhakha, isikhwama sethani ngenxa yesisindo saso esilula, izici zamandla aphezulu, sisetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, imboni yezinto zokwakha usimende.I-China iyizwe elikhulu lezolimo, ukukhiqizwa kokusanhlamvu kwaminyaka yonke kufinyelela ezigidini zezigidi zamathani, okungaphezu kwengxenye yawo asetshenziselwa ukudla.Ngenxa yokuthi ukudla kuwuhlobo lwezinto ezilimele kalula, kufanele sisebenzise amathani ezikhwama ukupakisha ukudla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuqwashisa okwandayo kokuvikelwa kwemvelo, amathani ezikhwama azophinde asetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
1. Ezolimo
Isikhwama sethani ngenxa yesisindo saso esilula, izici zamandla aphezulu, sisetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wezolimo, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukuthumela imbewu yezitshalo, umanyolo, izibulala-zinambuzane, imboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla, njll., evame ukulayishwa ngomanyolo kumele wengeze amaphedi okuzivikela ukuvikela izinto esikhwameni sethani ngeke zihlakazeke.Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezolimo, izikhwama zamathani zingasetshenziswa futhi emkhakheni wezimboni, ikakhulukazi ukupakisha izinto ezigqwalile, njengemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yensimbi nokunye.Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwe-China kwamathani ezikhwama kubekwe kuqala emhlabeni, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamathani ezikhwama kukhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yamakhemikhali yaseChina.Ngokolwazi olufanele, i-China ingenisa amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200 emikhiqizo yamakhemikhali evela phesheya minyaka yonke.Phakathi kwazo, izinto ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali nemikhiqizo yensimbi zifakiwe.Ngakho-ke, uma iChina ifuna ukuba amandla amakhemikhali wangempela, kufanele ithuthukise imboni yamakhemikhali.
2. Imboni yamakhemikhali
Emkhakheni wezimboni zamakhemikhali, izikhwama zamathani zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinto eziguquguqukayo, ezenziwe nge-oxidized nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali, ezidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthweni nasekugcinweni kwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhwama se-ton singaphinde sivikele ngempumelelo imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ukuze igweme ukungcola nokulimala kuyo.I-China ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali minyaka yonke, ukuze kuvikelwe le mikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ekungcoleni nasekulimaleni, abantu badinga ukuyihambisa endaweni ekhethiwe ukuze igcinwe futhi ihanjiswe.Nakuba le mikhiqizo yamakhemikhali izothinteka yizici zangaphandle ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthutha, ngoba isikhwama sethani ngokwaso sinezici zesisindo sokukhanya, amandla aphezulu, amanzi, umswakama-ubufakazi, i-anti-corrosion, njll, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthutha, ingakwazi ivikele kahle le mikhiqizo yamakhemikhali ethonyeni lezici zangaphandle, ukuze kuzuzwe ukuthutha nokugcinwa kwayo okuphephile.Njengamanje, izikhwama zamathani zisetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali.
3. Inkambu yezinto zokwakha
Imboni yezokwakha iyimboni eyinsika yokuthuthukiswa komnotho wezwe, minyaka yonke kuba namashumi ezigidigidi zama-square metres ezindlu, amabhuloho, imigwaqo kanye nokunye ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, okudinga ukusetshenziswa kukasimende, isihlabathi nezinye izinto zokwakha, kanye lezi zinto zokwakha nazo zixutshwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zikasimende.Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto zivame ukuba nzima futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuzithwala.Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokuthutha yezinto zokwakha, abantu basungula izikhwama zikasimende.
Phambilini izikhwama zikasimende bezisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha usimende, kodwa manje abantu sebengazisebenzisa ukuthutha isihlabathi, amatshe nezinye izinto zokwakha.Uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhwama zikasimende zendabuko, ayikwazi ukunciphisa isisindo kuphela, kodwa futhi yenza kube lula ukuthutha nokulayisha nokukhipha.Kulezo zinto zokwakha ezidinga ukugcinwa isikhathi eside, ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zikasimende njengokupakishwa kulungele kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-13-2023